Volume versus mass
A 20ft container offers about 33 cubic metres; a 40ft offers about 67, and a 40ft high cube about 76. But road transport in Australia is constrained by axle mass, not volume. A heavily loaded 20ft box can be at legal mass limits while less than half full, which is why dense cargo — tiles, stone, liquids, machinery parts — usually ships in 20ft boxes.
If your cargo is light and bulky, the 40ft is almost always the better economic choice: one road movement instead of two.